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\data\alt\turcet
▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*tum-gu-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 water nut 2 water-lilyface="Times New Roman Star"1 водяной орех 2 кувшинка
face="Times New Roman Star"tumg|ujun (IM) 1face="Times New Roman Star"tumag|an (Osm.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"to"nbo"jek, (КСТТ) tomqyjyq 2face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) tumg|yjuq 'лепесток водяной лилии' (Ettuhf.)






face="Times New Roman Star"tumg|ajaq 2 (Tel.)






face="Times New Roman Star"tumbujuq (R) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"tombojoq 2





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 499.
face="Times New Roman Star"*to"n|-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to bowface="Times New Roman Star"наклонятьface="Times New Roman Star"to"n|it- (?-u"-) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|it- (MK, KB)
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|- 'to be toppled, turn upside down'




face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|n|i 'bent'face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|nu"g 'convex'
face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|ko"k 'convex'

face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|ko"i-












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 494, EDT 517, ЭСТЯ 3, 279-281.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tobur-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"(pine) coneface="Times New Roman Star"шишка; бутон

face="Times New Roman Star"tomurz?|ukface="Times New Roman Star"tubyrc?yq



face="Times New Roman Star"tumurz?|uG

face="Times New Roman Star"torum `cedar cone'face="Times New Roman Star"to:rc?yq

face="Times New Roman Star"tuorax
face="Times New Roman Star"to:ruqface="Times New Roman Star"to:ruqface="Times New Roman Star"toburc?uq

face="Times New Roman Star"tubyrsyq
face="Times New Roman Star"to:mruqface="Times New Roman Star"tomruq

face="Times New Roman Star"tompurface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 482, Лексика 115, 121. The Siberian forms clearly point to *-b- (or *-g-); other forms have been influenced by *top and *dom- / *tom- 'round' q. v. sub *t`o\p`u/, *t`o>\mu\. Turk. > Mong. (Kalm.) toburc?ag 'acorn, cone' (KW 404); see Poppe 47.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tEn|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 pool 2 big riverface="Times New Roman Star"1 пруд 2 большая река
face="Times New Roman Star"(?) ten| (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"(Osm.) ten 2
face="Times New Roman Star"tin 2 (R.)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 473, EDT 512. Chag. > Kalm. ten| 'Don'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*dAr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"vultureface="Times New Roman Star"стервятник





face="Times New Roman Star"tasqara (dial., Malov - Xami)

face="Times New Roman Star"dazzarkelface="Times New Roman Star"tasxa 'owl'
face="Times New Roman Star"tas qus? (Верб.)



face="Times New Roman Star"das
face="Times New Roman Star"tazqaraface="Times New Roman Star"tasqara
face="Times New Roman Star"tad|g|ara





face="Times New Roman Star"Turk. > Kalm. tas (KW 381-382).
face="Times New Roman Star"*te:lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 wire, string 2 thong 3 strandface="Times New Roman Star"1 волосок, струна, проволока 2 ремешок, которым привязан наконечник стрелы 3 прядь, пучок нитей
face="Times New Roman Star"tili 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1




face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1face="Times New Roman Star"til 1



face="Times New Roman Star"tal 3





face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1

face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1


face="Times New Roman Star"tel 1face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 471, EDT 491. Turk. > NPers., Kurd., Osset. tel etc. Bailey 129 cites Saka tti:la 'thread, wire' and considers it the source of Turkic forms, tracing it back to *tart|rya - cf. Pers. ta:r < *tart|ra. However there are no direct Iranian parallels for the Saka form (cf. Аб. 3, 288, maintaining that the Osset. and Kurd. form do not go back to Proto-Iranian but are borrowed from neighbouring languages); so the word may well be a Turkism in Saka and other Iranian languages. The Turkic origin is also corroborated by the Chuv. parallel.
face="Times New Roman Star"*to"rpi-gu"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"file, raspface="Times New Roman Star"напильник
face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpigu" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpu"
face="Times New Roman Star"do"rbi (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpu"face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpi






face="Times New Roman Star"du"rbu":
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpu"face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpiface="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpiface="Times New Roman Star"to"rpo" (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpu"
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpi

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, EDT 533.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Togface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of fishface="Times New Roman Star"вид рыбы


face="Times New Roman Star"tog|y 'sturgeon' (КСТТ)






face="Times New Roman Star"tog| 'perch'face="Times New Roman Star"tu:ly 'кускуч'
















face="Times New Roman Star"*ujaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"relation, blood relationface="Times New Roman Star"родственник, кровный родственникface="Times New Roman Star"uja (Orkh.)face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'brother, kinsman'
face="Times New Roman Star"oja 'family, kin'face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'younger sister' (Sangl.), 'brother' (`Ali), 'blood relation' (Qutb)



face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'sister'




face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'generation'


face="Times New Roman Star"ujalas? 'by one venter'





face="Times New Roman Star"ujalas 'by one venter'

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, EDT 267.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"kekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"boxface="Times New Roman Star"ящик, сундук
face="Times New Roman Star"u"kek (MK)












face="Times New Roman Star"u"gex 'stockroom'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"gek 'kennel; basket'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ko"k

face="Times New Roman Star"o"ka"le|k 'store, stall'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 105, VEWT 370, Лексика 521. Derivation from *o":k- 'to heap up' (v. sub *o:/k`e\), see Аникин 579-580 with lit., is dubious, primarily for semantic reasons.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"g (*o"k)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 mother 2 sisterface="Times New Roman Star"1 мать 2 сестраface="Times New Roman Star"o"g (Orkh., OUygh.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"o"ke, o"ge (dial.) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"o"ke (R.) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"uka, hu"ka" 2





















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 99, ЭСТЯ 1, 519-520, Лексика 300.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Vlagr/ynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"pig, swineface="Times New Roman Star"свиньяface="Times New Roman Star"(y)lag|zyn (Orkh. - a cyclical sign), lag|zyn (OUygh.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 764.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ul/akface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"slanderface="Times New Roman Star"клевета
face="Times New Roman Star"us?aq (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"us?aq Tob. 'slanderer' (R)face="Times New Roman Star"us?uluq 'suspicion' (Pav. C.), us?aq (CCum.)
face="Times New Roman Star"us?s?aq







face="Times New Roman Star"usxax 'rumour'


face="Times New Roman Star"us?aq

face="Times New Roman Star"os?aqface="Times New Roman Star"us?aq 'conversation'




face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 517, EDT 16 (confused with uvs?ak 'small').
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"mgenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"upper part of breastface="Times New Roman Star"верхняя часть груди
face="Times New Roman Star"o"mgen (MK)







face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|men







face="Times New Roman Star"o"mgo"k








face="Times New Roman Star"Дыбо 137-138, EDT 159, ЭСТЯ 1, 537, Лексика 271.
face="Times New Roman Star"*yn-tyk (? *e-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to breathe heavilyface="Times New Roman Star"тяжело дышать


face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 'to become tired, exhausted'









face="Times New Roman Star"andъx-

face="Times New Roman Star"yndynnyg| 'panting, alarmed'
face="Times New Roman Star"yntyq-face="Times New Roman Star"yntyg|-
face="Times New Roman Star"intek-





face="Times New Roman Star"Егоров 29, Федотов 1,49.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":jnekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"bucket, vesselface="Times New Roman Star"ведро, сосуд
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nek (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"nek, Osm. ko"jnu"kface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ne|k (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ku.ne|k

face="Times New Roman Star"ko":nekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"nekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"nekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"no"k



face="Times New Roman Star"xo"nek
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"no"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko"nekface="Times New Roman Star"ko"nekface="Times New Roman Star"ku"ne|k





face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 104-105, VEWT 290 ( > Mong. ko"nu"g, further > TM: Sol. xong/e:, Evk. ko:n|i:, see ТМС 1, 412, 478). Turk. > Russ. Siber. kunu/k, see Аникин 324
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEmu"rgenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"wild onion or garlicface="Times New Roman Star"дикий лук или чеснок
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vu"rgen (MK), ko"mu"rgen (MK - Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"gu"mu"ren






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"b@rgen
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"rgen



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"ro"n (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"girhenface="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"rgo"n



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ren



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 691, ЭСТЯ 3, 100; VEWT 285; Лексика 124. Sometimes explained as derived from ko"bu"r- 'to foam' (see VEWT ibid.); this seems a folk etymology, but may explain the irregular -b- in some of the forms.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ar/uface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"orface="Times New Roman Star"илиface="Times New Roman Star"azu (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"azu (MK)














face="Times New Roman Star"azy










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 280.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ek-l/c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 sour, acid, bitter 2 to be sour, bitterface="Times New Roman Star"1 кислый, горький 2 быть кислым, горьким
face="Times New Roman Star"eks?ig (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2 (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"a"ks?i 1face="Times New Roman Star"egs?it- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"j@ksu" ( < *j@ks/u") 1








face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?i 1, i:s?i- 2face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 118, ЭСТЯ 1, 259-260, Мудрак Дисс. 199.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kasyrkuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"whirlwindface="Times New Roman Star"вихрь
face="Times New Roman Star"qasyrqu (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kasyrg|a
face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) qasyrqa (Houts.), qasurg|a (AH)


face="Times New Roman Star"Gasyrg|a




face="Times New Roman Star"kozъrga

face="Times New Roman Star"qazyrg|yface="Times New Roman Star"qa'syrg|y









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 240, ЭСТЯ 5, 332, Лексика 43, Ашм. VII, 20. Chuvash has an irregular form with initial k- (*x- would be expected). But it can hardly be a borrowing from Volga-Kypchak languages.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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